Ley de embriaguez habitual en Honduras y su relación con el análisis pericial toxicológico / Habitual Drunkenness Law in Honduras and its relationship with the toxicological expert analysis

A pesar que el número de accidentes de tránsito que involucran a conductores ebrios se ha disparado y que los legisladores tienen una gran presión para encontrar una solución razonable a la cuestión de la conducción bajo los efectos del alcohol especialmente en lo que respecta a los límites máximos permitidos, esa relación entre lo jurídico y lo científico, no siempre se concreta. El examen para la determinación de alcohol en muestras biológicas que se realiza en los laboratorios de Toxicología Forense de la Dirección de Medicina Forense fue validado y acreditado. Este proceso de validación permitió observar que el valor referido en la Ley de Penalización de la Embriaguez Habitual señala valores que podrían indicar un error en la aplicación de las unidades y de no ser así, dicho valor no sería significativo en cuanto a la determinación y cuantificación del etanol por la metodología actualmente utilizada en los laboratorios. La importancia del asesoramiento técnico científico para el uso adecuado de unidades y valores de referencia es indispensable para una interpretación objetiva de nuestra legislación y facilita el punto de unión entre la ciencia forense y la ciencia jurídica...(AU)

Política de Atenção Integral aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas: uma análise guiada por narrativas / Comprehensive Care Policy for users of alcohol and other drugs: a narrative-guided analysis / Política de Atención Integral a los usuarios de alcohol y otras drogas: un análisis guiado por narrativas

O problema do uso abusivo de drogas e as formas de atenção ao usuário movimentam diversos setores da sociedade em torno de discursos de proibição e de redução de danos (RD). Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar os mecanismos de enunciação dos gestores do Ministério da Saúde, à época da construção da Política para Atenção Integral aos Usuários de Álcool e outras Drogas. Trata-se de narrativas que foram analisadas na perspectiva genealógica inspirada em Michael Foucault. Destacamos fragmentos nos mecanismos de enunciação que fortalecem o território criminalizador e de exclusão.(AU)

The drug abuse issue and formats of care of addicts gather different sectors of the society around discourses related to banning and damage mitigation. This article aims to analyze the enunciation mechanisms of the Brazilian Ministry of Health's managers when the Comprehensive Care Policy for Users of Alcohol and other Drugs was created. The narratives were analyzed under the genealogical perspective inspired by Michel Foucault. We highlighted fragments in the enunciation mechanisms that backs up a criminalizing and excluding territory.(AU)

El problema del uso abusivo de drogas y las formas de atención al usuario mueven a diversos sectores de la sociedad alrededor de discursos de prohibición y de reducción de daños. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los mecanismos de enunciación de los gestores del Ministerio de la Salud en la época de la construcción de la Política para Atención Integral a los Usuarios de Alcohol y otras Drogas. Se trata de narrativas analizadas desde la perspectiva genealógica inspirada en Michael Foucault. Subrayamos fragmentos en los mecanismos de enunciación que fortalecen el territorio criminalizador y de exclusión.(AU)

"You can never work with addictions in isolation": Addressing intimate partner violence perpetration by men in substance misuse treatment.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown rates of IPV-perpetration among men in substance misuse treatment at rates far higher than the general population. There is poor evidence for the effectiveness of IPV perpetrator programmes. METHODS: An analysis of drugs and alcohol policy documents 1998-2015 was conducted using discourse analysis to examine how English drug and alcohol policy has addressed IPV among substance misusers. Transcripts of interviews with 20 stake holders were analysed thematically. RESULTS: How policy 'frames' IPV-perpetration among drug and alcohol misusers has implications for service provision. IPV has increasingly been framed in terms of its implications for child safeguarding, and has been 'folded in' to policies targeting Troubled Families. With increasing 'localism' in English drug and alcohol policy there has been little specification of services for substance misusing IPV-perpetrators. Policy and literature produced by IPV perpetrator and victim organisations has framed IPV-perpetration as an individual choice with intoxication as a post hoc excuse for violence with limited implications for effective service development. Interviews with stake holders indicate a range of understandings/explanations for IPV among substance misusing men. Stake holders suggest that not all staff have the confidence or skills to ask men about their relationships and that there are few referral routes for substance misusing men who seek help for their IPV perpetration. CONCLUSION: There are gaps and contradictions in the extent to which English drug and alcohol policy has sought to address IPV-perpetration among substance misusers. Recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance provide an opportunity to include domestic abuse training for all front line social care staff including in the substance misuse sector. There is a need for further research into effective services for substance misusing perpetrators and the development of training for front-line staff.

Alcohol use, abuse, and treatment in people of African descent.

The use and abuse of alcohol is prevalent in many nations across the globe, but few studies have examined within-group differences found in people of African descent in the United States, in Africa, and in the Caribbean. A review of current research about alcohol use, abuse, and treatment in people of African descent is presented, including information about risk factors and contributors to alcohol use. Examples of education and prevention interventions are also described. Finally, conclusions based on the review of the research literature as well as recommendations for future research are explained.